Molao-Ho Tloha, Silicone e Mebala e ka Fanang ka Motlakase

Mofuta o sa tsoa sibolloa oa silicone ke semiconductor, bafuputsi ba Univesithi ea Michigan ba sibollotse-menahano e ntseng e tsoela pele ea hore mofuta oa thepa o sireletsa ka mokhoa o ikhethileng.

"Lisebelisoa li bula monyetla oa mefuta e mecha ea lipontšo tsa phanele e bataletseng, li-photovoltaics tse feto-fetohang, li-sensor tse ka roaloang kapa esita le liaparo tse ka bonts'ang lipaterone kapa litšoantšo tse fapaneng," ho boletse Richard Laine, U{0}}M moprofesa oa thepa ea mahlale le boenjiniere le macromolecular science le engineering le sengoli se tsamaisanang sa thuto e sa tsoa hatisoa Macromolecular Rapid Communications.

Lioli tsa silicone le li-rubber-polysiloxanes le silsesquioxanes{1}}ke lintho tse sireletsang ka tloaelo, ho bolelang hore li thibela ho phalla ha motlakase kapa mocheso. Mehaho ea bona-e thibelang metsi e ba thusa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa bophelo bo botle, li-sealant, lintja tsa elektroniki le tse ling.

Ho sa le joalo, li-semiconductors tse tloaelehileng hangata li thata. Silicone ea semiconducting e na le bokhoni ba ho nolofalletsa lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tse fetohang Laine tse hlalositsoeng hammoho le silicone e tlang ka mebala e sa tšoaneng.

Boemong ba molek'hule, li-silicone li entsoe ka mokokotlo oa silicon le liathomo tsa oksijene tse fapanyetsanang (Si{{0}O-Si) le lihlopha tsa organic (carbon{2}based) tse khomaretsoeng silicon. Mefuta e fapaneng ea 3D ea liketane tsa polymer lia hlaha ha li hokahana, tse tsejoang e le cross-linking, tse fetolang sebopeho sa thepa joalo ka matla kapa ho qhibiliha.

Ha ba ntse ba ithuta ka libopeho tse fapaneng tse hokahanyang-ka li-silicone, sehlopha sa bafuputsi se ile sa fumana monyetla oa hore motlakase o be teng ka har'a copolymer, e leng ketane ea polymer e nang le mefuta e 'meli e fapaneng ea likarolo tse iphetang-cage{2}}e hlophisitsoeng le li-silicone tse melang ntlheng ena.

Monyetla oa conductivity o hlaha ka tsela eo lielektrone li ka tsamaeang ka har'a Si-O{1}}Li bond tse nang le orbital tse fetang. Li-semiconductors li na le linaha tse peli tse kholo: boemo ba fatše, bo sa tsamaiseng motlakase, le boemo bo tsamaisang, bo etsang joalo. Boemo ba ho khanna, boo hape bo tsejoang e le boemo ba thabo, bo etsahala ha lielektrone tse ling li qhomela holimo ho electron orbital e latelang, e hokahaneng ho pholletsa le thepa joaloka tšepe.

Ka tloaelo, Si-O{1}}Si bond angles ha e lumelle khokahano eo. Ka likhato tse 110, li hole ho tloha moleng o otlolohileng oa likhato tse 180. Empa ho silicone copolymer eo sehlopha se se fumaneng, libonto tsena li qalile ka 140℃in the ground state-'me li fihla ho 150℃boemong ba thabo. Sena se ne se lekane ho theha tsela e kholo ea hore tjhaja ea motlakase e phalle.

"Sena se lumella tšebelisano e sa lebelloang lipakeng tsa lielektrone ho pholletsa le libonto tse ngata ho kenyeletsoa Si-O-Li bond ho li-copolymer tsena," Laine o boletse. "Ha bolelele ba ketane e le telele, ho bonolo hore lielektrone li tsamaee sebaka se selelele, ho fokotsa matla a hlokahalang ho monya leseli ebe joale o le ntša ka matla a tlaase."

Thepa ea semiconducting ea li-silicone copolymers e boetse e nolofalletsa mebala ea eona e mengata. Lielektrone li qhoma pakeng tsa lefatše le libaka tse hlasimollang ka ho monya le ho ntša li-photon, kapa likaroloana tsa khanya. Ho ntšoa ha leseli ho itšetlehile ka bolelele ba ketane ea copolymer, eo sehlopha sa Laine se ka e laolang. Bolelele ba ketane e telele bo bolela ho tlola ho nyane le li-photon tse tlase tsa matla, ho fa silicone tint e khubelu. Liketane tse khuts'oane li hloka ho tlola ho hoholo ho tsoa ho lielektrone, kahoo li ntša khanya e phahameng ea matla ho ea pheletsong e putsoa ea mabone.

Ho bonts'a kamano pakeng tsa bolelele ba ketane le ho monya ha bobebe le ho tsoa, ​​bafuputsi ba ile ba arola li-copolymers ka bolelele bo fapaneng ba ketane mme ba li hlophisa ka li-tubes tsa liteko ho tloha ho nako e telele ho isa ho e khuts'oane. Ho bonesa lebone la UV lithapong ho etsa mookoli o felletseng ha e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e monya le ho hlahisa khanya ka matla a fapaneng.

Mefuta e mebala-bala e thehiloeng bolelele ba ketane ea copolymer e ikhetha ka ho khetheha hobane ho fihlela joale, li-silicone li ntse li tsejoa e le tse bonaletsang kapa tse tšoeu hobane thepa ea tsona e sireletsang e etsa hore e se ke ea khona ho amohela khanya e ngata.

"Re nka boitsebiso boo motho e mong le e mong a neng a nahana hore ha bo na motlakase 'me ba bo fa bophelo bo bocha- bo ka matlafatsang moloko o latelang oa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse bonolo," ho boletse Zijing (Jackie) Zhang, U{1}}M seithuti sa bongaka sa thuto ea mahlale le boenjiniere le sengoli se ka sehloohong sa thuto.